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What is Problem Solving?.
Quality Glossary Definition: Problem solving
Problem solving is the act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.
- The problem-solving process
- Problem solving resources
Problem Solving Chart
The Problem-Solving Process
In order to effectively manage and run a successful organization, leadership must guide their employees and develop problem-solving techniques. Finding a suitable solution for issues can be accomplished by following the basic four-step problem-solving process and methodology outlined below.
1. Define the problem
Diagnose the situation so that your focus is on the problem, not just its symptoms. Helpful problem-solving techniques include using flowcharts to identify the expected steps of a process and cause-and-effect diagrams to define and analyze root causes .
The sections below help explain key problem-solving steps. These steps support the involvement of interested parties, the use of factual information, comparison of expectations to reality, and a focus on root causes of a problem. You should begin by:
- Reviewing and documenting how processes currently work (i.e., who does what, with what information, using what tools, communicating with what organizations and individuals, in what time frame, using what format).
- Evaluating the possible impact of new tools and revised policies in the development of your "what should be" model.
2. Generate alternative solutions
Postpone the selection of one solution until several problem-solving alternatives have been proposed. Considering multiple alternatives can significantly enhance the value of your ideal solution. Once you have decided on the "what should be" model, this target standard becomes the basis for developing a road map for investigating alternatives. Brainstorming and team problem-solving techniques are both useful tools in this stage of problem solving.
Many alternative solutions to the problem should be generated before final evaluation. A common mistake in problem solving is that alternatives are evaluated as they are proposed, so the first acceptable solution is chosen, even if it’s not the best fit. If we focus on trying to get the results we want, we miss the potential for learning something new that will allow for real improvement in the problem-solving process.
3. Evaluate and select an alternative
Skilled problem solvers use a series of considerations when selecting the best alternative. They consider the extent to which:
- A particular alternative will solve the problem without causing other unanticipated problems.
- All the individuals involved will accept the alternative.
- Implementation of the alternative is likely.
- The alternative fits within the organizational constraints.
4. Implement and follow up on the solution
Leaders may be called upon to direct others to implement the solution, "sell" the solution, or facilitate the implementation with the help of others. Involving others in the implementation is an effective way to gain buy-in and support and minimize resistance to subsequent changes.
Regardless of how the solution is rolled out, feedback channels should be built into the implementation. This allows for continuous monitoring and testing of actual events against expectations. Problem solving, and the techniques used to gain clarity, are most effective if the solution remains in place and is updated to respond to future changes.
You can also search articles , case studies , and publications for problem solving resources.
Innovative Business Management Using TRIZ
Introduction To 8D Problem Solving: Including Practical Applications and Examples
The Quality Toolbox
Root Cause Analysis: The Core of Problem Solving and Corrective Action
One Good Idea: Some Sage Advice ( Quality Progress ) The person with the problem just wants it to go away quickly, and the problem-solvers also want to resolve it in as little time as possible because they have other responsibilities. Whatever the urgency, effective problem-solvers have the self-discipline to develop a complete description of the problem.
Diagnostic Quality Problem Solving: A Conceptual Framework And Six Strategies ( Quality Management Journal ) This paper contributes a conceptual framework for the generic process of diagnosis in quality problem solving by identifying its activities and how they are related.
Weathering The Storm ( Quality Progress ) Even in the most contentious circumstances, this approach describes how to sustain customer-supplier relationships during high-stakes problem solving situations to actually enhance customer-supplier relationships.
The Right Questions ( Quality Progress ) All problem solving begins with a problem description. Make the most of problem solving by asking effective questions.
Solving the Problem ( Quality Progress ) Brush up on your problem-solving skills and address the primary issues with these seven methods.
Refreshing Louisville Metro’s Problem-Solving System ( Journal for Quality and Participation ) Organization-wide transformation can be tricky, especially when it comes to sustaining any progress made over time. In Louisville Metro, a government organization based in Kentucky, many strategies were used to enact and sustain meaningful transformation.
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Making the Connection In this exclusive QP webcast, Jack ReVelle, ASQ Fellow and author, shares how quality tools can be combined to create a powerful problem-solving force.
Adapted from The Executive Guide to Improvement and Change , ASQ Quality Press.
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Problem solving techniques: Steps and methods
Posted on May 29, 2019
Constant disruption has become a hallmark of the modern workforce and organisations want problem solving skills to combat this. Employers need people who can respond to change – be that evolving technology, new competitors, different models for doing business, or any of the other transformations that have taken place in recent years.
In addition, problem solving techniques encompass many of the other top skills employers seek . For example, LinkedIn’s list of the most in-demand soft skills of 2019 includes creativity, collaboration and adaptability, all of which fall under the problem-solving umbrella.
Despite its importance, many employees misunderstand what the problem solving method really involves.
What constitutes effective problem solving?
Effective problem solving doesn’t mean going away and coming up with an answer immediately. In fact, this isn’t good problem solving at all, because you’ll be running with the first solution that comes into your mind, which often isn’t the best.
Instead, you should look at problem solving more as a process with several steps involved that will help you reach the best outcome. Those steps are:
- Define the problem
- List all the possible solutions
- Evaluate the options
- Select the best solution
- Create an implementation plan
- Communicate your solution
Let’s look at each step in a little more detail.
1. Define the problem
The first step to solving a problem is defining what the problem actually is – sounds simple, right? Well no. An effective problem solver will take the thoughts of everyone involved into account, but different people might have different ideas on what the root cause of the issue really is. It’s up to you to actively listen to everyone without bringing any of your own preconceived notions to the conversation. Learning to differentiate facts from opinion is an essential part of this process.
An effective problem solver will take the opinions of everyone involved into account
The same can be said of data. Depending on what the problem is, there will be varying amounts of information available that will help you work out what’s gone wrong. There should be at least some data involved in any problem, and it’s up to you to gather as much as possible and analyse it objectively.
2. List all the possible solutions
Once you’ve identified what the real issue is, it’s time to think of solutions. Brainstorming as many solutions as possible will help you arrive at the best answer because you’ll be considering all potential options and scenarios. You should take everyone’s thoughts into account when you’re brainstorming these ideas, as well as all the insights you’ve gleaned from your data analysis. It also helps to seek input from others at this stage, as they may come up with solutions you haven’t thought of.
Depending on the type of problem, it can be useful to think of both short-term and long-term solutions, as some of your options may take a while to implement.
3. Evaluate the options
Each option will have pros and cons, and it’s important you list all of these, as well as how each solution could impact key stakeholders. Once you’ve narrowed down your options to three or four, it’s often a good idea to go to other employees for feedback just in case you’ve missed something. You should also work out how each option ties in with the broader goals of the business.
There may be a way to merge two options together in order to satisfy more people.
4. Select an option
Only now should you choose which solution you’re going to go with. What you decide should be whatever solves the problem most effectively while also taking the interests of everyone involved into account. There may be a way to merge two options together in order to satisfy more people.
5. Create an implementation plan
At this point you might be thinking it’s time to sit back and relax – problem solved, right? There are actually two more steps involved if you want your problem solving method to be truly effective. The first is to create an implementation plan. After all, if you don’t carry out your solution effectively, you’re not really solving the problem at all.
Create an implementation plan on how you will put your solution into practice. One problem solving technique that many use here is to introduce a testing and feedback phase just to make sure the option you’ve selected really is the most viable. You’ll also want to include any changes to your solution that may occur in your implementation plan, as well as how you’ll monitor compliance and success.
6. Communicate your solution
There’s one last step to consider as part of the problem solving methodology, and that’s communicating your solution . Without this crucial part of the process, how is anyone going to know what you’ve decided? Make sure you communicate your decision to all the people who might be impacted by it. Not everyone is going to be 100 per cent happy with it, so when you communicate you must give them context. Explain exactly why you’ve made that decision and how the pros mean it’s better than any of the other options you came up with.
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Brain Power
5 steps (and 4 techniques) for effective problem solving.
Problem solving is the process of reviewing every element of an issue so you can get to a solution or fix it. Problem solving steps cover multiple aspects of a problem that you can bring together to find a solution. Whether that’s in a group collaboratively or independently, the process remains the same, but the approach and the steps can differ.
To find a problem solving approach that works for you, your team, or your company, you have to take into consideration the environment you’re in and the personalities around you.
Knowing the characters in the room will help you decide on the best approach to try and ultimately get to the best solution.
Table of Contents
5 problem solving steps, 4 techniques to encourage problem solving, the bottom line, more tips on problem solving.
No matter what the problem is, to solve it, you nearly always have to follow these problem solving steps. Missing any of these steps can cause the problem to either resurface or the solution to not be implemented correctly.
Once you know these steps, you can then get creative with the approach you take to find the solutions you need.
1. Define the Problem
You must define and understand the problem before you start, whether you’re solving it independently or as a group. If you don’t have a single view of what the problem is, you could be fixing something that doesn’t need fixing, or you’ll fix the wrong problem.
Spend time elaborating on the problem, write it down, and discuss everything, so you’re clear on why the problem is occurring and who it is impacting.
Once you have clarity on the problem, you then need to start thinking about every possible solution . This is where you go big and broad, as you want to come up with as many alternative solutions as possible. Don’t just take the first idea; build out as many as you can through active listening, as the more you create, the more likely you’ll find a solution that has the best impact on the team.
3. Decide on a Solution
Whichever solution you pick individually or as a team, make sure you think about the impact on others if you implement this solution. Ask questions like:
- How will they react to this change?
- Will they need to change anything?
- Who do we need to inform of this change?
4. Implement the Solution
At this stage of problem solving, be prepared for feedback, and plan for this. When you roll out the solution, request feedback on the success of the change made.
5. Review, Iterate, and Improve
Making a change shouldn’t be a one time action. Spend time reviewing the results of the change to make sure it’s made the required impact and met the desired outcomes.
Make changes where needed so you can further improve the solution implemented.
Each individual or team is going to have different needs and may need a different technique to encourage each of the problem solving steps. Try one of these to stimulate the process.
1-2-4 All Approach + Voting
The 1-2-4-All is a good problem solving approach that can work no matter how large the group is. Everyone is involved, and you can generate a vast amount of ideas quickly.
Ideas and solutions are discussed and organized rapidly, and what is great about this approach is the attendees own their ideas, so when it comes to implementing the solutions, you don’t have more work to gain buy-in.
As a facilitator, you first need to present the group with a question explaining the problem or situation. For example, “What actions or ideas would you recommend to solve the company’s lack of quiet working areas?”
With the question clear for all to see, the group then spends 5 minutes to reflect on the question individually. They can jot down their thoughts and ideas on Post-Its.
Now ask the participants to find one or two other people to discuss their ideas and thoughts with. Ask the group to move around to find a partner so they can mix with new people.
Ask the pairs to spend 5 minutes discussing their shared ideas and thoughts.
Next, put the group into groups of two or three pairs to make groups of 4-6. Each group shouldn’t be larger than six as the chances of everyone being able to speak reduces.
Ask the group to discuss one interesting idea they’ve heard in previous rounds, and each group member shares one each.
The group then needs to pick their preferred solution to the problem. This doesn’t have to be voted on, just one that resonated most with the group.
Then ask for three actions that could be taken to implement this change.
Bring everyone back together as a group and ask open questions like “What is the one thing you discussed that stood out for you?” or “Is there something you now see differently following these discussions?”
By the end of the session, you’ll have multiple approaches to solve the problem, and the whole group will have contributed to the future solutions and improvements.
The Lightning Decision Jam
The Lightning Decision Jam is a great way to solve problems collaboratively and agree on one solution or experiment you want to try straight away. It encourages team decision making, but at the same time, the individual can get their ideas and feedback across. [1]
If, as a team, you have a particular area you want to improve upon, like the office environment, for example, this approach is perfect to incorporate in the problem solving steps.
The approach follows a simple loop.
Make a Note – Stick It on The Wall – Vote – Prioritize
Using sticky notes, the technique identifies major problems, encourages solutions, and opens the group up for discussion. It allows each team member to play an active role in identifying both problems and ways to solve them.
Mind Mapping
Mind mapping is a fantastic visual thinking tool that allows you to bring problems to life by building out the connections and visualizing the relationships that make up the problem.
You can use a mind map to quickly expand upon the problem and give yourself the full picture of the causes of the problem, as well as solutions [2] .
The goal of a mind map is to simplify the problem and link the causes and solutions to the problem.
To create a mind map, you must first create the central topic (level 1). In this case, that’s the problem.
Next, create the linked topics (level 2) that you place around and connect to the main central topic with a simple line.
If the central topic is “The client is always changing their mind at the last minute,” then you could have linked topics like:
- How often does this happen?
- Why are they doing this?
- What are they asking for?
- How do they ask for it?
- What impact does this have?
Adding these linking topics allows you to start building out the main causes of the problem as you can begin to see the full picture of what you need to fix. Once you’re happy that you’ve covered the breadth of the problem and its issues, you can start to ideate on how you’re going to fix it with the problem solving steps.
Now, start adding subtopics (level 3) linking to each of the level 2 topics. This is where you can start to go big on solutions and ideas to help fix the problem.
For each of the linked topics (level 2), start to think about how you can prevent them, mitigate them, or improve them. As this is just ideas on paper, write down anything that comes to mind, even if you think the client will never agree to it!
The more you write down, the more ideas you’ll have until you find one or two that could solve the main problem.
Once you run out of ideas, take a step back and highlight your favorite solutions to take forward and implement.
The 5 Why’s
The five why’s can sound a little controversial, and you shouldn’t try this without prepping the team beforehand.
Asking “why” is a great way to go deep into the root of the problem to make the individual or team really think about the cause. When a problem arises, we often have preconceived ideas about why this problem has occurred, which is usually based on our experiences or beliefs.
Start with describing the problem, and then the facilitator can ask “Why?” fives time or more until you get to the root of the problem. It’s tough at first to keep being asked why, but it’s also satisfying when you get to the root of the problem [3] .
As a facilitator, although the basic approach is to ask why, you need to be careful not to guide the participant down a single route.
To help with this, you can use a mind map with the problem at the center. Then ask a why question that will result in multiple secondary topics around the central problem. Having this visual representation of the problem helps you build out more useful why questions around it.
Once you get to the root of the problem, don’t forget to be clear in the actions to put a fix in place to resolve it.
Learn more about how to use the five why’s here .
To fix a problem, you must first be in a position where you fully understand it. There are many ways to misinterpret a problem, and the best way to understand them is through conversation with the team or individuals who are experiencing it.
Once you’re aligned, you can then begin to work on the solutions that will have the greatest impact through effective problem solving steps.
For the more significant or difficult problems to solve, it’s often advisable to break the solution up into smaller actions or improvements.
Trial these improvements in short iterations, and then continue the conversations to review and improve the solution. Implementing all of these steps will help you root out the problems and find useful solutions each time.
- The Simplest Ways to Improve Your Problem Solving Skills
- How to Use the 5 Whys to Get to the Root Cause of Any Problem
- Creative Problem Solving: Create Meaning from Contradictory Ideas
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8-step problem solving process, organizational effectiveness.
121 University Services Building, Suite 50 Iowa City , IA 52242-1911 United States
Step 1: Define the Problem
- What is the problem?
- How did you discover the problem?
- When did the problem start and how long has this problem been going on?
- Is there enough data available to contain the problem and prevent it from getting passed to the next process step? If yes, contain the problem.
Step 2: Clarify the Problem
- What data is available or needed to help clarify, or fully understand the problem?
- Is it a top priority to resolve the problem at this point in time?
- Are additional resources required to clarify the problem? If yes, elevate the problem to your leader to help locate the right resources and form a team.
- Consider a Lean Event (Do-it, Burst, RPI, Project).
- ∙Ensure the problem is contained and does not get passed to the next process step.
Step 3: Define the Goals
- What is your end goal or desired future state?
- What will you accomplish if you fix this problem?
- What is the desired timeline for solving this problem?
Step 4: Identify Root Cause of the Problem
- Identify possible causes of the problem.
- Prioritize possible root causes of the problem.
- What information or data is there to validate the root cause?
Step 5: Develop Action Plan
- Generate a list of actions required to address the root cause and prevent problem from getting to others.
- Assign an owner and timeline to each action.
- Status actions to ensure completion.
Step 6: Execute Action Plan
- Implement action plan to address the root cause.
- Verify actions are completed.
Step 7: Evaluate the Results
- Monitor and Collect Data.
- Did you meet your goals defined in step 3? If not, repeate th 8-Step Process.
- Were there any unforeseen consequences?
- If problem is resolved, remove activities that were added previously to contain the problem.
Step 8: Continuously Improve
- Look for additional opportunities to implement solution.
- Ensure problem will not come back and communicate lessons learned.
- If needed, repeat the 8-Step Problem Solving Process to drive further improvements.
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Problem solving techniques (a 5 step process)
Problem-solving techniques (a 5 step process).
How do you go about solving a problem effectively?
There are five key steps in solving a problem
Defining the problem
You need to define the problem clearly BEFORE you jump into solution mode. One of the biggest obstacles to problem-solving is not getting clear on what exactly problem is. What are the boundaries of that problem? How did it arise? Which brings us to our next point
Understanding the context of the problem
What caused the problem to arise? When did it arise? What situation or event triggered the problem? Is it likely to happen again? What’s likely to trigger it next time?
Answering these questions gives you an important perspective and context. It helps you understand the problem in it’s wider context and how it impacts the business.
Generating alternatives
Having defined the problem and understood its context, you can now embark on creating a solution. But before you jump into solution mode you need to put all the solutions on the table. So you can assess which solution is likely to work best.
One common mistake is not to list the option of “Do nothing” as an alternative. You might not always decide to do nothing but it’s important to have that option on the table. In some cases doing nothing might be the best decision.
Evaluating and selecting alternatives
So now that you have all the options on the table, you can spend some time evaluating the options. If I chose option A how would that play out over the next few weeks? What’s likely to happen next? And then after that?
If I chose option B how would that play out?
It’s useful to ‘wander’ down the path of each alternative and follow it to its natural conclusion.
Implementing solutions
After having gone through all the previous steps (and only then) do you pick the best alternative and go about implementing that alternative.
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7 Steps to an Effective Problem-Solving Process
September 1, 2016 | Leadership Articles
An effective problem-solving process is one of the key attributes that separate great leaders from average ones.
Being a successful leader doesn’t mean that you don’t have any problems. Rather, it means that you know how to solve problems effectively as they arise. If you never had to deal with any problems, chances are pretty high that your company doesn’t really need you. They could hire an entry-level person to do your job!
Unfortunately, there are many examples of leaders out there who have been promoted to management or leadership positions because they are competent and excel in the technical skills needed to do the work. These people find themselves suddenly needing to “think on their feet” and solve problems that are far more high-level and complicated than they’ve ever really had to deal with before. Are there tools available to these people to help them solve the problem correctly and effectively? Absolutely!
Today, I am going to introduce you to the Seven Steps of Effective Problem Solving that Bullet Proof® Managers are learning about, developing, and implementing in their teams.
Step 1: Identify the Problem
What are things like when they are the way we want them to be?
This question helps you find the standard against which we’re going to measure where we are now. If things were going the way we want them to go, what does that look like? If this person were doing the job we want him or her to do, what would they be doing?
And then ask this important question: How much variation from the norm is tolerable?
Therein lies the problem. From an engineering perspective, you might have very little tolerance. From a behavioral perspective, you might have more tolerance. You might say it’s okay with me when this person doesn’t do it exactly as I say because I’m okay with them taking some liberty with this. Some other issue you may need 100% compliance.
Step 2: Analyze the Problem
At what stage is this problem? This helps you identify the urgency of the problem, and there are generally three stages.
The emergent stage is where the problem is just beginning to happen. It does not cause an immediate threat to the way business operates every day. It is just beginning to happen and you have time on your side to be able to correct it without it causing much damage to the processes it is affecting. The mature stage is where this problem is causing more than just minor damage. Some amount of damage has been done, and you need to jump on it immediately to fix it before it becomes a problem where the consequences may be greater, deeper, and more expensive if we don’t solve this problem fast.
The third stage is the crisis stage, when the problem is so serious it must be corrected immediately. At this stage, real damage has been done to company processes, reputation, finances, etc. that will have potentially long-term effects on your ability to do business.
Step 3: Describe the Problem
You should be able to describe a problem by writing it in the form of a statement and you should do it in 12 words or less, assuming it’s not a complicated, scientific problem. This way, you have clarity exactly what the issue is. Then, perhaps try distributing it to your team to ensure they agree that this is the root of the problem, that it makes sense, and everyone that is working toward a solution is working toward the same goal.
The most important question of all, when describing your problem: Is your premise correct?
Let me give you an example of what I mean. We’ve all heard – or read – the story of the engineer’s take on the old “half empty, half full” question. A speaker holds up the glass of water and asks if the glass is half empty or half full, a discussion within the group ensues, and you generally expect some sort of lesson in optimism, etc. from it. In this version, an engineer is in the room and answers, “I see this glass of water as being twice the size it needs to be.”
You see, sometimes when you are the one in charge of the problem, you tend to set the premise of the problem from your own perspective. But, that premise may not be accurate, or it may just need an alternate perspective from which to see it. If your premise is not correct, or at least incomplete, you are not fully understanding the problem and considering all the best options for a solution.
Step 4: Look for Root Causes
This step involves asking and answering a lot of questions. Ask questions like: What caused this problem? Who is responsible for this problem? When did this problem first emerge? Why did this happen? How did this variance from the standard come to be? Where does it hurt us the most? How do we go about resolving this problem?
Also, ask the most important question: Can we solve this problem for good so it will never occur again? Because an important aspect to leadership is coming up with solutions that people can use for a long-term benefit, rather than having to deal with the same problems over and over and over.
Step 5: Develop Alternate Solutions
Just about any problem you have to deal with has more solutions to it than the one that you think of first. So, it is best to develop a list of alternate solutions that you and your team can assess and decide which one will be the best for the particular problem. I often use the ⅓ + 1 Rule to create consensus around one – or the top two or three solutions – that will be best for everyone involved.
Then rank those solutions based on efficiency, cost, long-term value, what resources you have and that you can commit to the solution of the problem. Then, look at every one of those solutions carefully and decide what you believe to be the best solution to this problem at this time.
Step 6: Implement the Solution
Implementing the solution you decide on can include creating an implementation plan. It could also include planning on what happens next if something goes wrong with the solution if it doesn’t work out the way you thought it would. Implementation means that everyone on your team knows and understands their part in making the solution work, that there are timelines for execution, and also that you have a system in place to track whether or not the solution has corrected the problem.
Step 7: Measure the Results
From your implementation plan in step 6, make sure you track and measure the results so you can answer questions such as: Did it work? Was this a good solution? Did we learn something here in the implementation that we could apply to other potential problems?
These seven simple steps will help you become a more effective, efficient problem solver in your organization. As you practice this process and develop the skills, these steps will become more natural to you until the point that you are using them without noticing!
About Crestcom International, LLC.
Crestcom International, LLC is an international leadership development organization, training more than one million leaders for 25,000 businesses in over 60 countries across the globe. Crestcom achieves this through a blend of live-facilitated multimedia video, interactive exercises, and shared learning experiences. Crestcom implements action plans and coaching accountability sessions to ensure measured development in key leadership competency areas. For more information, please contact your local Crestcom representative found here .
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The 8-Step Problem-Solving Method
- November 22, 2021
Table Of Contents
What is the 8-step problem-solving method, the 8 steps and the problem-solving process, the culture of problem-solving.
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As a manufacturing professional, you know how important it is to stay organized, keep your goals in mind and strive for success. But with all of the responsibilities and daily tasks piling up, it takes effort to find and stick to a process that can keep you on track.
Luckily, there’s a tried and trusted way to achieve success in the manufacturing industry.
The eight-step problem-solving process is a structured method that guides you through the various steps of solving issues. Unlike other problem-solving processes that are often broad, the eight-step method takes you through each individual step, from identifying the problem to taking actionable steps to success.
Instead of changing a few things at a middling level that will probably break down again later, you can unearth the roots of problems and build success from the ground up.
For a fundamental breakdown of how to fix problems and lead your manufacturing team to success, here are the eight steps of the problem-solving process.
1. Identify the Problem
The first step in the process is to identify the problem. Identify why this is a problem, how you discovered it and how it impacts your business. Also note when the problem started and how long it has been going on.
If the problem is small, you can try to contain it and may not need additional steps to fix it. However, if the problem is complex, move forward through the process.
2. Define the Problem
The next step involves breaking down the problem and defining what it is. It’s important to be as clear as you can with this step — a vague problem will hinder the process, whereas a clearly defined issue will allow you to take actionable steps to fix it.
Analyze factors like how high of a priority it is to solve the problem. You can also look to data and other resources to clarify or help you understand the concern.
3. Make a Goal
Create an end goal. Envision what fixing this problem would look like and feel like. What would it accomplish? How would it help you? Map out all the ways fixing this problem would benefit you and use it for motivation to achieve your goal. Set a timeline to figure how long it will take to accomplish that goal.
4. Find the Root of the Problem
Often problems are byproducts of deeper, more central problems, so make sure you dig deep enough to find out what is really causing the issue. If the problem is large and complex, break it down into individual parts.
Gather information and use it to identify the deeper issues of the problem and validate what you think the real concern may be. Take time at this step to really focus on the deep problem — executing this step effectively will save you a lot of time down the road.
5. Develop Actionable Steps
Create a list of realistic steps you can take to combat the problem. You can start with a large list and combine or subtract steps, but it’s important you come up with various ways to attack the problem. Use this action plan to draw up a strategy to get at the root of the problem. Each step should be specific and detail-focused — any steps that are vague or tedious will only take up time and cause confusion.
6. Execute Steps
Now that the plan is in place, all you have to do is follow through on your actionable steps. Illustrate the steps you’re taking to your team, explain why you’re taking them and delegate any steps that another employee has to perform to execute your plan.
Communication is key in this step. In most cases, you won’t be executing the plan all by yourself, so make sure you’re expressing the goals and motives of each step with your team so they can see how it connects to the bigger picture.
7. Observe and Evaluate
Monitor your strategy carefully and see how it relates to the original problem. Is it working? Is it only creating more problems? Gather data, talk to your team and be thorough and objective in your evaluation. You might have to readjust your plan as you gain new information, or you may meet your goals and the plan will be successful.
8. Continue the Process
If the plan worked, find ways to continue integrating these steps into your team’s daily routine. If they didn’t work, go back to the goal-setting process or identify some more aspects of the problem — there may be a deeper concern you missed the first time around. Communicate to your team about how the plan went.
In the future, continue using the eight-step process to solve issues and build momentum with your team.
It’s important to build a culture of problem-solving in your manufacturing plant. It can be easy to fall into the trap of “Band-Aid” solutions — quick fixes without digging into the deeper problems.
It’s believed that the eight-step problem-solving process was actually created by the Toyota Motor Corporation to achieve their admired production standards.
From the lore of Toyota, we get some great eight-step problem-solving examples. Taiichi Ohno , the father of the Toyota Production System, observed his workers fixing only the first level of cause when their machines stopped working. To combat this, he developed a problem-solving method to methodically break down each problem of the machine until he found the root cause. Only then could he truly fix the machine.
It’s one of many eight-step problem-solving examples, and it shows the importance of creating a process to increase productivity.
Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA) and the 8-Step Problem-Solving Process Differences
The eight-step problem-solving process is an expanded version of the Plan, Do, Check, Act cycle . The first five steps of the 8-step process fall under the planning step, while steps six, seven and eight all correspond to the do, check and act steps. The eight-step process is a more detailed, methodical version of PDCA problem-solving, and converts a vague cycle into something a bit more specific and actionable.
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Nursing students will be expected to have or develop strong problem-solving skills. Problem solving is centered on your ability to identify critical issues and create or identify solutions. Well-developed problem solving skills is a characteristic of a successful student. Remember, problems are a part of everyday life and your ability to resolve problems will have a positive influence on your future.
6 Steps of Problem Solving
Step 1: Identify and Define the Problem
It is not difficult to overlook the true problem in a situation and focus your attention on issues that are not relevant. This is why it is important that you look at the problem from different perspectives. This provides a broad view of the situation that allows you to weed out factors that are not important and identify the root cause of the problem.
Step 2: Analyze the Problem
Break down the problem to get an understanding of the problem. Determine how the problem developed. Determine the impact of the problem.
Step 3: Develop Solutions
Brainstorm and list all possible solutions that focus on resolving the identified problem. Do not eliminate any possible solutions at this stage.
Step 4: Analyze and Select the Best Solution
List the advantages and disadvantages of each solution before deciding on a course of action. Review the advantages and disadvantages of each possible solution. Determine how the solution will resolve the problem. What are the short-term and long-term disadvantages of each solution? What are the possible short-term and long-term benefits of each solution? Which solution will help you meet your goals?
Step 5: Implement the Solution
Create a plan of action. Decide how you will move forward with your decision by determining the steps you must take to ensure that you move forward with your solution. Now, execute your plan of action.
Step 6: Evaluate the Solution
Monitor your decision. Assess the results of your solution. Are you satisfied with the results? Did your solution resolve the problem? Did it produce a new problem? Do you have to modify your solution to achieve better results? Are you closer to achieving your goal? What have you learned?
7 step problem solving technique
Whilst processes are generally there to protect us from issues (i.e. follow the process and get what you expect) unsurprisingly from time to time things go wrong and problems occur that affect either the output or the success of the process in question.
What do Business problems cause? Well, they can affect a whole host of things, from Quality, Schedule or Cost for example. Left alone they can impact both your customer and business and therefore resolving them is the appropriate route of action but given that there are a plethora of problem-solving tools available which one should you follow? What makes the 7 steps of problem-solving a suitable tool to utilize?
In this article, we’ll take a look at the 7 Step problem-solving tool, what it is, what the steps are, and how to avoid the key problems.
Firstly, let’s state the obvious when problems do occur it’s absolutely fundamental to have a structured method of resolving them. By providing structured problem-solving tools to your workforce, employees should be able to resolve issues in a timely and cost-effective manner and avoid stabbing around in the dark for a possible solution without having done the work to ensure it is.
Whilst we’ve covered more formal methods of problem-solving such as the 8d report , 5 whys (you can check out our post on how to create a 5 why template here) and others, the 7 steps of the problem-solving method represents another structured step by step process which can be used to analyze and resolve problems by uncovering root causes and helping to define corrective actions to fix the problem.
Why Structured problem-solving works
One of the main challenges with problem-solving is to avoid the obvious trap of thinking you know the answer and launching immediately into fix it mode. Unfortunately in many cases particularly in complex business situations the answer is rarely obvious and is often a combination of contributory factors that require a level of uncovering through following a step by step approach ahead of launching off and implementing a random “hit and hope” solutions.
The 7 step problem resolving solution offers just that a methodical approach that can be used to resolve issues by following a standard approach. It must be remembered that effective problem solving does take time. Also, consider that problem solving doesn’t have to be tied down to one tool and that you can choose to combine methods i.e the 7 step method combined with 5 why to help drill down and understand root causes.
The approach can be used in situations where you have large or small issues and works great in a team-based approach or if you’re working on your own as an individual.
What are the 7 problem-solving steps
Below is the list of steps associated with this tool
STEP 1: The Right Problem to Solve STEP 2: Analyse the Problem STEP 3: Define the Problem STEP 4: Develop Opportunities (Possible Solutions) STEP 5: Select the Best Solution STEP 6: Implement the Solution STEP 7: Evaluate and Learn
STEP 1: Identify the problem
The first step is to define the problem that you have.
Generating a robust problem definition is key to the whole process. Start your process with a poor problem definition and you’ll be wasting your time later on which is likely to result in you reworking some of the process steps – worse still you follow the entire process define a corrective action that results in other issues (or costs your firm money in implementation that may not recover!).
A good problem definition includes a clear description of the issue in contrast with the condition that it should be. For example,
- The houses were all painted green instead of blue
- The part was manufactured to a tolerance of 1cm instead of 1/2 a cm
- The part included paint on areas identified by the drawing that should not include paint.
The above show clearly what’s wrong and contrasts the “current condition” with the “should be condition”.
Of course, you could use something like – “the part is manufactured incorrectly” but that would make both developing a solution and implementation somewhat difficult as it is not clear what’s wrong.
STEP 2: Defining your Goal
Once you’re aware of what your problem is the next step is to define where you’ll be at the end of your problem-solving process.
For example – let’s look at one of our examples from above • The houses were painted green not blue.
Here the goal may be defined as “Problem root causes identified/rectified and all houses to be reworked and painted blue within the next 3 weeks.”
The goal clearly removes the problem and sets the end result to the desired condition.
Remember, your goal should be SMART (Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound).
STEP 3: Brainstorm the solution
Brainstorming is usually a group based method where through gathering ideas the team endeavors to find an answer to the specific issue or problem. Brainstorming usually requires each member of the team to put forward their ideas.
Ideas are usually captured on a whiteboard, list, or set of post it notes in order to then evaluate them.
With Brain-storming it’s important to ensure all members of the team have an equal voice and that collection of ideas is seen as the priority. Do not let people take over this by thinking they have all the answers (especially the management!!) – you may be surprised by who in the team comes up with best contributions.
STEP 4: Assess your solutions/alternatives
Following the brainstorming session – the next step is to evaluate each idea.
In problem-solving, the best method is to assess whether the idea impacts the believed root cause of the issue and if it does how. Generating ideas is great but if they fail to help fix the thing that’s actually going wrong then they are not going to help much. So initially challenging each idea’s effect on possible root causes is usually a good initial step.
Evaluation usually means a systematic approach to reviewing the positives and negatives of each solution put forward in order that the team can then select a final solution.
STEP 5: Select a solution
Once you’ve brainstormed the possible solutions and evaluated them, you need to pick one (or a collective of some) – this is usually the key element where some teams go awry by selecting solutions that may not have the desired impact.
Using a tool such as a Solution Selection Matrix can often help simplify the process and apply some rigor in ensuring this part of the process remains focussed.
What is a Solution Selection Matrix?
The Solution Selection matrix is a tool that can be used to help review each idea by a standard process and criteria. It’s typically a table that lists the possible ideas and then has columns that then helps you evaluate them.
The Solution Selection Matrix might include evaluation of things like
- Ease of deployment
- resource requirement
- time to implement
- Impact on stakeholders etc.
See below for an example matrix that demonstrates how this can be achieved.
I’d recommend engaging your key stakeholders at this point to discuss the resolution to the problem, how you’ll implement and the impact on the implementation (discussing things like whether the implementation will take effect immediately or after a given time).
I’d also suggest that you review your KPI’s, to understand what the current situation looks like so that you’ll be able to easily demonstrate the impact post-implementation (and if you don’t have KPI”s you can always consider implementing some simple metrics at this point).
STEP 6: Implement
Once you’ve selected your solution it’s time to implement.
Here you should develop the implementation plan that takes you through the steps of the “fix” upfront of the deployment, this way the whole team understands what’s happening and how it will work. This also provides an opportunity to critique the timeline, resource requirement, and likely cost.
The plan is usually best combined with a RAIL (Rolling ActIons List) this explains what actions are active and who owns them and when they need to be done by. A simple implementation plan that shows target dates and owners is normally all that you require to help administer this stage.
Depending on the complexity of the solution you may wish to review possible risks up front of the deployment to assess where things might go wrong.
Don’t overestimate what you can achieve here, it’s best to be realistic, considering:
- Who will implement
- How you will implement
- How you will monitor the fix
- what budget/resources you might require to implement the fix
- Will the fix start working straight away (if not when)
Management can sometimes have a tendency to think that when you come up with the “fix” it impacts straight away so it’s a good time to get everyone on the same page with what your implementation actually means and when results are likely to be seen.
STEP 7: Evaluation
The final stage is to evaluate your problem’s resolution with the key question being – did your problem-solving project drive the result you wanted?
If you have KPI’s you can track them against your fix, you might involve some stakeholder engagement to understand what the fix has meant for them and their views on the implementation, what worked and what didn’t so that you can evaluate your businesses process for next time.
Alternatives to the 7 problem solving steps.
As we discussed at the outset of the article there are a number of problem-solving techniques out there, from 8d to 5 why to SWOT etc, you can check some of them
Before you settle on an approach I’d recommend that evaluate some of these approaches, examining the pros and cons and how they might fare in your industry. As ever it’s likely that one size doesn’t fit all and you and always look to tweak the process whilst keeping the basic steps. Businesses are likely to be far more accepting of a structured process that gets improved upon over time than no process at all.
Got some thoughts on problem-solving, be sure to check out our Problem Solving Guide , perhaps you have a favorite tool or method? We’d love to hear about it, fire us up on Twitter, or our feedback section below.
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Turn your team into skilled problem solvers with these problem-solving strategies
Picture this, you're handling your daily tasks at work and your boss calls you in and says, "We have a problem."
Unfortunately, we don't live in a world in which problems are instantly resolved with the snap of our fingers. Knowing how to effectively solve problems is an important professional skill to hone. If you have a problem that needs to be solved, what is the right process to use to ensure you get the most effective solution?
In this article we'll break down the problem-solving process and how you can find the most effective solutions for complex problems.
What is problem solving?
Problem solving is the process of finding a resolution for a specific issue or conflict. There are many possible solutions for solving a problem, which is why it's important to go through a problem-solving process to find the best solution. You could use a flathead screwdriver to unscrew a Phillips head screw, but there is a better tool for the situation. Utilizing common problem-solving techniques helps you find the best solution to fit the needs of the specific situation, much like using the right tools.
4 steps to better problem solving
While it might be tempting to dive into a problem head first, take the time to move step by step. Here’s how you can effectively break down the problem-solving process with your team:
1. Identify the problem that needs to be solved
One of the easiest ways to identify a problem is to ask questions. A good place to start is to ask journalistic questions, like:
Who : Who is involved with this problem? Who caused the problem? Who is most affected by this issue?
What: What is happening? What is the extent of the issue? What does this problem prevent from moving forward?
Where: Where did this problem take place? Does this problem affect anything else in the immediate area?
When: When did this problem happen? When does this problem take effect? Is this an urgent issue that needs to be solved within a certain timeframe?
Why: Why is it happening? Why does it impact workflows?
How: How did this problem occur? How is it affecting workflows and team members from being productive?
Asking journalistic questions can help you define a strong problem statement so you can highlight the current situation objectively, and create a plan around that situation.
Here’s an example of how a design team uses journalistic questions to identify their problem:
Overarching problem: Design requests are being missed
Who: Design team, digital marketing team, web development team
What: Design requests are forgotten, lost, or being created ad hoc.
Where: Email requests, design request spreadsheet
When: Missed requests on January 20th, January 31st, February 4th, February 6th
How : Email request was lost in inbox and the intake spreadsheet was not updated correctly. The digital marketing team had to delay launching ads for a few days while design requests were bottlenecked. Designers had to work extra hours to ensure all requests were completed.
In this example, there are many different aspects of this problem that can be solved. Using journalistic questions can help you identify different issues and who you should involve in the process.
2. Brainstorm multiple solutions
If at all possible, bring in a facilitator who doesn't have a major stake in the solution. Bringing an individual who has little-to-no stake in the matter can help keep your team on track and encourage good problem-solving skills.
Here are a few brainstorming techniques to encourage creative thinking:
Brainstorm alone before hand: Before you come together as a group, provide some context to your team on what exactly the issue is that you're brainstorming. This will give time for you and your teammates to have some ideas ready by the time you meet.
Say yes to everything (at first): When you first start brainstorming, don't say no to any ideas just yet—try to get as many ideas down as possible. Having as many ideas as possible ensures that you’ll get a variety of solutions. Save the trimming for the next step of the strategy.
Talk to team members one-on-one: Some people may be less comfortable sharing their ideas in a group setting. Discuss the issue with team members individually and encourage them to share their opinions without restrictions—you might find some more detailed insights than originally anticipated.
Break out of your routine: If you're used to brainstorming in a conference room or over Zoom calls, do something a little different! Take your brainstorming meeting to a coffee shop or have your Zoom call while you're taking a walk. Getting out of your routine can force your brain out of its usual rut and increase critical thinking.
3. Define the solution
After you brainstorm with team members to get their unique perspectives on a scenario, it's time to look at the different strategies and decide which option is the best solution for the problem at hand. When defining the solution, consider these main two questions: What is the desired outcome of this solution and who stands to benefit from this solution?
Set a deadline for when this decision needs to be made and update stakeholders accordingly. Sometimes there's too many people who need to make a decision. Use your best judgement based on the limitations provided to do great things fast.
4. Implement the solution
To implement your solution, start by working with the individuals who are as closest to the problem. This can help those most affected by the problem get unblocked. Then move farther out to those who are less affected, and so on and so forth. Some solutions are simple enough that you don’t need to work through multiple teams.
After you prioritize implementation with the right teams, assign out the ongoing work that needs to be completed by the rest of the team. This can prevent people from becoming overburdened during the implementation plan . Once your solution is in place, schedule check-ins to see how the solution is working and course-correct if necessary.
Implement common problem-solving strategies
There are a few ways to go about identifying problems (and solutions). Here are some strategies you can try, as well as common ways to apply them:
Trial and error
Trial and error problem solving doesn't usually require a whole team of people to solve. To use trial and error problem solving, identify the cause of the problem, and then rapidly test possible solutions to see if anything changes.
This problem-solving method is often used in tech support teams through troubleshooting.
The 5 whys problem-solving method helps get to the root cause of an issue. You start by asking once, “Why did this issue happen?” After answering the first why, ask again, “Why did that happen?” You'll do this five times until you can attribute the problem to a root cause.
This technique can help you dig in and find the human error that caused something to go wrong. More importantly, it also helps you and your team develop an actionable plan so that you can prevent the issue from happening again.
Here’s an example:
Problem: The email marketing campaign was accidentally sent to the wrong audience.
“Why did this happen?” Because the audience name was not updated in our email platform.
“Why were the audience names not changed?” Because the audience segment was not renamed after editing.
“Why was the audience segment not renamed?” Because everybody has an individual way of creating an audience segment.
“Why does everybody have an individual way of creating an audience segment?” Because there is no standardized process for creating audience segments.
“Why is there no standardized process for creating audience segments?” Because the team hasn't decided on a way to standardize the process as the team introduced new members.
In this example, we can see a few areas that could be optimized to prevent this mistake from happening again. When working through these questions, make sure that everyone who was involved in the situation is present so that you can co-create next steps to avoid the same problem.
A SWOT analysis
A SWOT analysis can help you highlight the strengths and weaknesses of a specific solution. SWOT stands for:
Strength: Why is this specific solution a good fit for this problem?
Weaknesses: What are the weak points of this solution? Is there anything that you can do to strengthen those weaknesses?
Opportunities: What other benefits could arise from implementing this solution?
Threats: Is there anything about this decision that can detrimentally impact your team?
As you identify specific solutions, you can highlight the different strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of each solution.
This particular problem-solving strategy is good to use when you're narrowing down the answers and need to compare and contrast the differences between different solutions.
Even more successful problem solving
After you’ve worked through a tough problem, don't forget to celebrate how far you've come. Not only is this important for your team of problem solvers to see their work in action, but this can also help you become a more efficient, effective , and flexible team. The more problems you tackle together, the more you’ll achieve.
Looking for a tool to help solve problems on your team? Track project implementation with a work management tool like Asana .
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Problem Solving Technique
A 4-step tool
This tool contains a useful problem solving technique: “Critical Examination”. Use its structured questioning process to help improve your business processes.
The questions in this tool are designed to help you examine your business processes, and to help identify possible improvements. The tool uses Kipling’s six honest serving men: what, why, when, how, where and who (as discussed in our article: Best Management Tools Ever? – A Good Question!
This problem solving technique is part of our comprehensive Seven Step Problem Solving process. Starting with the flow-diagram (below), it will help guide you from an assessment of the current situation, to challenging why things are done in a particular way, to option generation, and finally to the selection of appropriate solutions.
Not sure which of your business processes to begin with? You may want to look at our article: Problem Solving Skill . This discusses the often underrated skill of finding the right problems to solve. It will also help you focus on improving those processes which create the best opportunities.
The 4 Steps
Now apply the systematic, structured, questioning technique, detailed below. It encourages you to: summarise the current situation; challenge it; consider options; choose the best or optimal. Think about this process yourself, then involve any team members as appropriate. Encourage creativity but ensure each step is taken in a thorough and disciplined manner.
Critical Examination Technique
The real value in using this tool is in conjunction with the right questions. Read through the points below then look at the sample questions for each step in the table below. As before, go through this process with any appropriate team members.
Answer the questions in the first column. These summarize the present process method, asking: what; how; when; where; and who.
2: Challenge
Challenge each of your answers by asking “why?”
Use column three to help you generate a range of improvement options.
Use column four to help you decide on the best option.
Critical Examination Technique (Adapted from Michael Tucker’s: Successful Process Management in a Week)
Tips To Implement The Critical Examination Technique
Use step 1 to:
- identify the purpose of the process;
- explore what customers and stakeholders expect the process to deliver.
Use step 2 to:
- analyse how the process works, and its resource requirements;
- explore ways of measuring its efficiency and effectiveness.
Use step 3 to:
- examine ways to improve the process;
- assess the implications and consequences of these improvements.
To help with group creativity, and to focus on the opportunities that solving this problem might create, consider using the management tips in 5 Questions to Transform Problem Solving .
Use step 4 to:
- decide on the best option, given available resources.
A final tip:
Look for the small changes to the process which could have a big impact on the process as a whole.
Ask the question: “What small change would significantly improve the process?”
If you want to read more management tips for problem solving our Seven Step Problem Solving Process is a good place to start.
Click on this link to download our free, problem solving management tool: Problem Solving Technique: 4 Steps to Improve Your Processes . Or, for our bumper pack of problem solving techniques, tips, tools and more, follow the link to our problem solving products.
More problem solving techniques
- Tool 1: When you don’t know what to do
- Tool 2: Defining questions for problem solving
- Tool 3: Finding the right problems to solve
- Tool 4: Problem solving check-list
- Tool 4a: Using the question check-list with your team
- Tool 5: Problem analysis in 4 steps
- Tool 5a: Using 4 Step problem analysis with your team
- Tool 6: Questions that create possibilities
- Tool 6a: Using the 5 questions with your team
- Tool 6b: Putting creativity to work – 5 alternate questions
- Tool 6c: Workshop outline
- Tool 7: Evaluating alternatives
- Tool 8: Creative thinking techniques A-Z
- Tool 9: The 5 Whys technique
Further Reading
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Problem Solving Techniques for Project Managers
Learn which problem solving techniques and strategies can help you effectively handle the challenges you face in your projects.
Problem Solving Techniques: A 5-Step Approach
Some problems are small and can be resolved quickly. Other problems are large and may require significant time and effort to solve. These larger problems are often tackled by turning them into formal projects.
"A project is a problem scheduled for solution."
- Joseph M. Juran
Problem Solving is one of the Tools & Techniques used for Managing Quality and Controlling Resources.
Modules 8 and 9 of the PM PrepCast cover Project Quality Management and Project Resource Management.
Consider this study program if you're preparing to take your CAPM or PMP Certification exam.
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Whether the problem you are focusing on is small or large, using a systematic approach for solving it will help you be a more effective project manager.
This approach defines five problem solving steps you can use for most problems...
Define the Problem
Determine the causes, generate ideas, select the best solution, take action.
The most important of the problem solving steps is to define the problem correctly. The way you define the problem will determine how you attempt to solve it.
For example, if you receive a complaint about one of your project team members from a client, the solutions you come up with will be different based on the way you define the problem.
If you define the problem as poor performance by the team member you will develop different solutions than if you define the problem as poor expectation setting with the client.
Once you have defined the problem, you are ready to dig deeper and start to determine what is causing it. You can use a fishbone diagram to help you perform a cause and effect analysis.
If you consider the problem as a gap between where you are now and where you want to be, the causes of the problem are the obstacles that are preventing you from closing that gap immediately.
This level of analysis is important to make sure your solutions address the actual causes of the problem instead of the symptoms of the problem. If your solution fixes a symptom instead of an actual cause, the problem is likely to reoccur since it was never truly solved.
Once the hard work of defining the problem and determining its causes has been completed, it's time to get creative and develop possible solutions to the problem.
Two great problem solving methods you can use for coming up with solutions are brainstorming and mind mapping .
After you come up with several ideas that can solve the problem, one problem solving technique you can use to decide which one is the best solution to your problem is a simple trade-off analysis .
To perform the trade-off analysis, define the critical criteria for the problem that you can use to evaluate how each solution compares to each other. The evaluation can be done using a simple matrix. The highest ranking solution will be your best solution for this problem.
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Once you've determined which solution you will implement, it's time to take action. If the solution involves several actions or requires action from others, it is a good idea to create an action plan and treat it as a mini-project.
Using this simple five-step approach can increase the effectiveness of your problem solving skills .
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Related Articles About Problem Solving Techniques
Fishbone Diagram: Cause and Effect Analysis Using Ishikawa Diagrams
A fishbone diagram can help you perform a cause and effect analysis for a problem. Step-by-step instructions on how to create this type of diagram. Also known as Ishikara or Cause and Effect diagrams.
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Four Workplace Problem-Solving Techniques You Might Not Have Tried
Problem-solving: the act of finding solutions to issues.
It happens every day, in an array of situations. But having effective problem-solving skills in the workplace can be incredibly helpful in your career specifically.
Along with the ability to assess situations and deal with issues quickly and efficiently, employers often hold these skills in high regard – it shows other competencies like logic, governance, resolve, resilience, and creative thinking, as well as eliminating issues that might put a company at a disadvantage.
So, understanding which problem-solving techniques work for you, and being able to deploy them when you need, is a massive benefit in your workplace performance.
Although there are plenty more techniques, we’ve defined four of the most common problem-solving methods used in the workplace and beyond.
Four problem-solving techniques
1. linear thinking problem-solving.
Linear thinking is a problem-solving process defined by a set starting point followed by a sequence of ideas that lead to a definite solution. It is a logical step-by-step process, and often referred to as sequential thinking – think of it as the ‘conventional’ method of problem-solving. It can be very useful when overcoming strategic problems at work.
Linear thinkers tend to use information, data, logic, and experience from previous solutions as a basis for their problem-solving. This isn’t just confined to problem-solving. Linear thinkers use this process in processing information, making connections, and much more!
So, how would a linear thinker approach a problem?
Typically, a ‘root cause analysis process’ is used as a means for solving problems. One of the most well-known root cause analyses is called the ‘Five Whys’ , a method used to explore the cause-and-effect of a particular problem. You’re breaking down a problem until you get to the root cause.
"By repeating why five times, the nature of the problem as well as its solution becomes clear." Sakichi Toyoda
Here's an illustration of what this looks like in action:
Image courtesy of Kanbanize
2. Lateral linking problem-solving
Lateral thinking, unlike linear thinking, is the process of solving problems in an indirect and more creative manner. Think of it as ‘thinking outside the box’.
This kind of problem-solving will often challenge assumptions, and seek alternative solutions to the ‘norm’, which can actually create powerful and disruptive solutions that may provide growth and development within a company.
What does that look like, I hear you ask? It might look like multiple optional ‘routes’ to an array of innovative solutions that can be used to solve problems.
Lateral problem-solving skills can be a huge pull for employers who are looking for creative, fresh ideas within their business, but it can also be one of the most under-valued problem-solving tools within an organisation.
Thinking laterally to solve problems showcases your innovation and creativity, which is a huge benefit to employers and a green flag to recruiters.
3. Design thinking problem-solving
Design thinking is a type of non-linear, immersive problem-solving, understood as the process of solving problems with the customer, client, or consumer at the forefront of your mind. They are the priority in this problem-solving technique.
This technique can be defined by five stages (although, just to reiterate, these aren’t linear!):
Empathizing : Understand the needs of your consumer, client, or other.
Defining : Analyse and identify the issues that need to be solved.
Ideating : Create and share ideas, no matter how dramatic they might be.
Prototyping: Put together solutions.
Testing : Just as it says, test your solutions.
Although design testing might not be a quick method to solve your problems, and therefore may not be used regularly at work, the technique can be used in a ‘consulting manner’ when there is time to come up with the best solution for a challenge.
4. Solutions-based problem-solving
Solutions-based problem-solving is a process aimed at promoting solutions, rather than searching for causation, and playing the ‘blame-game’. It essentially flips problem-solving on its head and can be used to get a solution as quickly as possible rather than uncovering the causes on the way.
Regardless of what type of problem-solving technique works for you, for a workplace issue, or a particular situation, there are some simple steps you can follow when starting out in problem-solving.
Some simple steps to problem-solving
1. define the problem.
What is it that has become an issue? This might be a decline in company performance or revenue, a decline in effective and collaborative teamwork, or an objection from a client.
This problem may come through the process of active listening, a key workplace communication skill that involves engaging in information being shared with you and reflecting on it. This may come from a client or an employee.
2. Develop a plan
Here's how to plan your plan:
Use questions to generate ideas and solutions to solving a problem.
Identify these solutions.
Evaluate these solutions to narrow down the most efficient options.
And finally, select a solution best suited to a problem through your evaluation and analysis.
3. Implement the planned solution, with a timely approach
Having a timeline to solving problems can help you to stay on course and can signal to the client that their issues are being taken seriously.
4. Take the time to evaluate
What went well? What could have gone better? What learnings are there for next time?
Why is problem-solving so important at work?
Problem-solving is something that is relevant in virtually any job role, no matter how far you have progressed in a company, which is why these skills are so important. Employees often use an individual’s problem-solving abilities to see the competency they have in dealing with and facing challenges, no matter how large or small.
Problem-solving is a test of your aptitude for evaluating circumstances at work and analysing information to come up with the best solutions. Whether it’s dealing with hitting a deadline or creating a solution to a drop in revenue, problem-solving is something we all deal with on the daily.
Want to improve your problem-solving skills, or discover what technique works for you? Our expert coaches at EZRA can help with identifying and boosting these skills to help throughout your team's careers, whether that be at a leadership level , when you’re facing career change challenges , or in more general workplace roles.
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Table of Contents
Problem solving is the art of identifying problems and implementing the best possible solutions. Revisiting your problem-solving skills may be the missing piece to leveraging the performance of your business, achieving Lean success, or unlocking your professional potential.
Ask any colleague if they’re an effective problem-solver and their likely answer will be, “Of course! I solve problems every day.”
Problem solving is part of most job descriptions, sure. But not everyone can do it consistently.
The Problem-Solving Process
There’s no one-size-fits-all problem-solving process. Often, it’s a unique methodology that aligns your short- and long-term objectives with the resources at your disposal. Nonetheless, many paradigms center problem solving as a pathway for achieving one’s goals faster and smarter.
One example is the Six Sigma framework , which emphasizes eliminating errors and refining the customer experience, thereby improving business outcomes. Developed originally by Motorola, the Six Sigma process identifies problems from the perspective of customer satisfaction and improving product delivery.
Lean management, a similar method, is about streamlining company processes over time so they become “leaner” while producing better outcomes.
Trendy business management lingo aside, both of these frameworks teach us that investing in your problem solving process for personal and professional arenas will bring better productivity.
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How to Solve Problems: 5 Steps
1. precisely identify problems.
As obvious as it seems, identifying the problem is the first step in the problem-solving process. Pinpointing a problem at the beginning of the process will guide your research, collaboration, and solutions in the right direction.
At this stage, your task is to identify the scope and substance of the problem. Ask yourself a series of questions:
- What’s the problem?
- How many subsets of issues are underneath this problem?
- What subject areas, departments of work, or functions of business can best define this problem?
Although some problems are naturally large in scope, precision is key. Write out the problems as statements in planning sheets . Should information or feedback during a later step alter the scope of your problem, revise the statements.
Framing the problem at this stage will help you stay focused if distractions come up in later stages. Furthermore, how you frame a problem will aid your search for a solution. A strategy of building Lean success, for instance, will emphasize identifying and improving upon inefficient systems.
2. Collect Information and Plan
The second step is to collect information and plan the brainstorming process. This is another foundational step to road mapping your problem-solving process. Data, after all, is useful in identifying the scope and substance of your problems.
Collecting information on the exact details of the problem, however, is done to narrow the brainstorming portion to help you evaluate the outcomes later. Don’t overwhelm yourself with unnecessary information — use the problem statements that you identified in step one as a north star in your research process.
This stage should also include some planning. Ask yourself:
- What parties will ultimately decide a solution?
- Whose voices and ideas should be heard in the brainstorming process?
- What resources are at your disposal for implementing a solution?
Establish a plan and timeline for steps 3-5.
3. Brainstorm Solutions
Brainstorming solutions is the bread and butter of the problem-solving process. At this stage, focus on generating creative ideas. As long as the solution directly addresses the problem statements and achieves your goals, don’t immediately rule it out.
Moreover, solutions are rarely a one-step answer and are more like a roadmap with a set of actions. As you brainstorm ideas, map out these solutions visually and include any relevant factors such as costs involved, action steps, and involved parties.
With Lean success in mind, stay focused on solutions that minimize waste and improve the flow of business ecosystems.
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4. Decide and Implement
The most critical stage is selecting a solution. Easier said than done. Consider the criteria that has arisen in previous steps as you decide on a solution that meets your needs.
Once you select a course of action, implement it.
Practicing due diligence in earlier stages of the process will ensure that your chosen course of action has been evaluated from all angles. Often, efficient implementation requires us to act correctly and successfully the first time, rather than being hurried and sloppy. Further compilations will create more problems, bringing you back to step 1.
5. Evaluate
Exercise humility and evaluate your solution honestly. Did you achieve the results you hoped for? What would you do differently next time?
As some experts note, formulating feedback channels into your evaluation helps solidify future success. A framework like Lean success, for example, will use certain key performance indicators (KPIs) like quality, delivery success, reducing errors, and more. Establish metrics aligned with company goals to assess your solutions.
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Problem solving techniques: 6 steps, method & tips.
No matter what you do in life you will always encounter problems. It’s a necessary truth that life isn’t as simple as 1, 2, 3 – there will always be a complication.
But the true test of a character isn’t how many problems you can face, but how many problems you can solve .
“Problem solving” is a skill set that is often listed on job advertisements. But the truth is that every job out there requires some level of critical thinking and finding potential solutions to issues.
So how do you go about tackling problem solving?
We’ve put together a list of the best 6 problem solving techniques that can help ease your troubles and help you to make a molehill out of a mountain.
Here’s What We’ll Cover:
The 6 Best Problem Solving Techniques
Key takeaways, 1. breathe..
It sounds simple but no matter how difficult a problem may seem, breathing is key. Remembering to breathe is perhaps the most effective solution to facing any issue.
When you’re confronted with a problem, you may feel the need to come up with a potential solution straight away. This can lead you to become overwhelmed and stressed. So take a second to relax, breathe deeply and sometimes the answer can come to you.
2. Ask Questions
When you’re confronted with an issue, it’s important to ask questions. This is a part of the pre-problem-solving stage that allows your brain to come up with ideas and scenarios that may help.
For example, ask yourself if you’ve solved a similar problem before. Ask if there are rules that can be broken or changed. Ask if there are any unnecessary roadblocks that can be removed.
The more questions that you ask, the easier a problem can become.
3. Define the Problem
It can be very tempting to jump straight into finding a solution. But often it’s much better to first define the issue at hand. If you don’t properly understand the problem, the solution that you jump to could end up making things worse.
Make sure all of the issues are fully explored and clearly defined before you start to create a solution. This can save a huge amount of effort and time further down the road.
4. Share the Problem
Problem solving can be a collaborative process. As the saying goes; a problem shared is a problem halved.
It’s important to see an issue from a number of different perspectives instead of just focusing on it through your own lens. Being able to put yourself into other people’s shoes can demystify something that you may have previously been struggling with.
It’s also important to get the right perspective. Think of who the problem is affecting and take their views into consideration. If you’re asking somebody who isn’t affected or has no relation to the issue then you won’t get valuable feedback.
5. Brainstorm
One of the most effective ways to tackle a problem is through brainstorming.
The aim is to generate as many fresh ideas as you can where you can identify and then remove a problem. The aim isn’t for every idea to be perfect. You will instead want to get as many creative ideas down as possible and then work through them all until you find a number of creative solutions.
6. Take a Break
When we’re dealing with a particularly complicated issue, we can often get bogged down in the mental process.
Our brains often need time and space to breathe. Your brain is always constantly working in the background. So when you’re not actively thinking about an issue you can often end up finding the answer. Similar to how it can be impossible to remember the name of a song until you stop trying and it just pops into your head.
So take a break from the problem and let your brain passively contemplate the answer.
Problems are constantly appearing and they will always constantly appear – so there’s no getting away from facing the issues. That’s why it’s so important to have a number of problem solving techniques to help you tackle any problem that comes your way.
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Decision making & Problem Solving process - Best Guide To Benefits, Steps, & Skills
Written By : Bakkah
2021-11-22 08:55:55
Table of Content
What is the Decision making process?
What are Decision-making skills?
Decision-making Process:
What is the Problem-Solving process?
What are problem-solving skills?
Problem-Solving Step in the Process:
Benefits of Decision making & Problem-solving
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An international crisis, global pandemic or even adopting new technology all these occurrences may wreck the organizational structure a bit. That’s why it is important to improve decision-making and problem-solving skills in case we found ourselves before such challenging matters.
Every member of the company, at some point, is asked to decide on something or maybe solve a problem. However higher authority has a hard time trying to sort out humongous matters incorporation with HR management to make sure that the decisions are all aligned.
Let us introduce you to some skills, steps, and the benefits of developing your decision-making and problem-solving strategy.
What is the Decision making process?
A decision-making process is a set of processes done by a person to choose the best alternative or course of decision-making activities for them.
It is a collection of measures conducted by managers in a firm to define the planned course for business initiatives and to put actions in motion.
What are Decision-making skills?
There are several skills required for decision making such as:
Risk and uncertainty navigation
In unclear situations, the most experienced managers determine which conclusions are most likely and well-justified.
The information provided may be unclear or uncertain, and the optimal inference is not always a foregone conclusion. The future is never certain.
Everyone's intuition is distinct since it is based on a combination of things you've learned, experiences you've had, and opinions you hold.
When you use intuition, you're basing your conclusion on your personal experiences, thus it's subjective.
Problem Solving
The ability to make rapid and effective judgments is the essence of having good problem-solving abilities. To match the facts with the scenario, you must conduct a study and pay special attention to detail. It's critical that you keep your emotions distinct from your interactions with others.
Now, it’s time to make decision about something that has been irritating the organization for some time. You don’t know where to start? Here’s a list of steps to follow.
Decision-making Process:
Identify the problem: .
Whether you're tackling a complex problem or a relatively simple one, it's vital that you have a clear understanding of what it is that you're hoping to solve.
If you're trying to tackle several problems (even if they're relatively simple) the task becomes much harder.
Do your research:
You'll want to undertake some fact-finding and investigation once you've defined the problem you're trying to solve.
This might entail investigating the causes of previous problems that were successfully remedied. It may be necessary to create interview questions to ask persons engaged in the situation.
Look for possible solutions:
It's time to start thinking about possible remedies after you've done your study on the issue. This step necessitates creativity and brainstorming as you come up with a few excellent ideas.
As well as some backup plans in case the initial set fails. Creating contingency plans to prevent more difficulties is a common part of problem solving.
Make a decision:
Once you've compiled a list of potential solutions, work your way down the list to the best option. If you're working in a group, attempt to make decisions collectively and come up with a solution that everyone agrees on.
Put that decision into action:
Implement your selected solution in a methodical manner. Avoid acting too quickly, since this will almost always result in a shoddy solution that fails to accomplish the desired outcome.
Await results:
Examine how well your solution is functioning and decide whether you need to take any more steps. Before you follow up and decide whether to adjust your strategy, it's ideal to set a time for observation.
Even though Decision making and Problem-solving processes might be similar in some steps, it is important to know the steps of Problem solving process as well.
What is the Problem-Solving process?
The problem-solving process is the process of observing the organization’s atmosphere as a whole to spot any irritating matters and to figure out why such problems occurred in the first place, to examine the possibility of improvement or change, in order to develop alternatives of problem-solving activities which can help with the decision making process.
What are problem-solving skills?
1- listening skills:.
In general, active listeners are excellent problem solvers. They can listen to individuals around them to obtain information that will help them solve the situation.
They realize the value of recognizing others' perspectives and experiences to better understand why the issue arose and the best course of action to address it.
2- Creative Thinking Skills:
Analytical skills can be balanced with imaginative solutions by creative minds. Individuals with creative thinking talents can come up with novel and advanced solutions to challenges.
They can offer fresh ideas and innovative and experimental solutions to a wide range of issues.
3- Communication Skills:
Problem solvers should be able to communicate effectively. Employers operating in fast-paced situations benefit greatly from the ability to successfully transmit complicated information comprehensively but simply.
Define the problem :
you’ll have to identify the issue, understand how it came to existence, and see if there’s enough data to start working with.
Clarify the problem
Clarify the problem are you aware of everything related to it? Or do you need more information? You need to know if this was a priority to fix now, or it can simply wait while handling other more important issues.
Define the goals :
in this step, you’ll have a fixed goal that you aim to achieve after solving this problem. Fixing a clear timeline would encourage working faster and harder to solve the problem.
Identify the roots & the major causes of the inconvenience :
A problem doesn’t occur out of thin air, there must be a reason, and for you to get rid of this problem once and for all, you need to extract the reason.
- Develop an action plan:
Make a list of the steps that must be taken to treat the core cause & prevent the problem from spreading to others.
Each activity should have an owner and a deadline. Finally, actions should be tracked to verify that they are completed.
Execute action plan :
now that you’ve had your list of steps, put it into motion! Just make sure everything is crossed out of your action plan.
Evaluate the results :
Match the results you got with the goals you set in earlier steps. Check if there were any unpredictable consequences. If your goals weren’t achieved, then the problem isn’t solved yet, meaning you must start all over again.
Benefits of Decision making & Problem-solving
Problem-solving & decision-making are essential talents. They can assist you with several circumstances that may arise at work.
The talents may be used in conjunction with one another to tackle many of the same problems. Here are some benefits of using decision making and problem-solving skills in your organization:
Saving time and making better use of resources:
Planning things ahead spare you so much trouble and make it easy for you to go back and spot the error and handle it.
It is the same with the two skills in hand, they both require thorough planning to make sure time is used efficiently and resources are exploited perfectly.
Easy Delegation Process:
If you approach decisions as a single jumbled step, your only options are to accomplish everything yourself or to chuck the assignment over the wall and pray for the best.
It is much easier to assign work and schedule check-ins at suitable stages if all stakeholders have shared process clarity on the phases of making choices.
People will accomplish things faster:
it is easier to set clear goals, have flexible timelines, and prepare the resources needed. This way your people will only occupy themselves with work and try to finish things as well as possible.
Prevention of quarrels:
When a manager is insufficiently forceful and leaves too many decisions to the workers, it can lead to workplace conflict.
A situation in which employees are unsure of the way they are being led might result in an overabundance of players attempting to take command.
Improve your decision-making abilities and show them the way to avoid your colleagues arguing over how to complete a project or which proposal is superior for your team!
Sometimes you don’t even sense that your organization has experienced a downfall, and this is thanks to a clever implementation of detailed problem-solving followed by a decision-making process.
Here’s a tip. Try developing an overlapped skill of both problem solving and decision making, and in case you wanted to get equipped in managing problems and decisions visit our website here .
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Exponential graph questions and answers
Resource updated: Changing the Subject (advanced) Practice Questions - an additional 10 questions along with video solutions.
Exponential Graphs
INSTRUCTOR-LED SESSION Start a live quiz 11 questions. Show answers. Preview. 1. Multiple-choice Is the equation linear, exponential, or quadratic?
To solve a math equation, you need to find the value of the variable that makes the equation true.
One plus one is two.
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A video revising the techniques and strategies for completing questions on exponential graphs (Higher Only).Mentioned Topics:Fractional and
Algebra II : Graphing Exponential Functions
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Questions and answers app for android
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Problem Solving Techniques for the Innovative You!
We all know that when you are faced with a problem it can seem overwhelming at first. Fear may creep in, and you may ask yourself, “What if I can’t figure out how to solve this problem?” Not to worry — we have you covered. Here are effective problem solving techniques that will help you be the most innovative you, so you can solve problems, quickly, efficiently, and easily.
What is Problem Solving?
Problem solving can be defined as “the act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.”
We will always face problems in our life — it comes with the territory of being human. Your ability to solve problems efficiently and quickly can help determine how successful you can be at work and in your personal life. Specific problem solving techniques can help you do just that!
Simple Steps to Solving Problems
1. get clear on what the problem is..
Identify the problem simply and clearly, this will have an effect on the rest of your problem solving process. Keep in mind that everyone may see a problem from their own perspective and may define it differently.
2. Understand relevant people’s interests.
Get clear on all the key players that are affected by this problem and the solution that you are looking to find.
3. Get clear on what solutions are available.
Write out all the possible solutions you can come up with for the problem at hand. The more the better! Let your creative juices flow with this step.
4. Evaluate the options.
Below each option, compare all the pluses and minuses for choosing that as your option.
5. Choose one of the solutions.
Choose an option you think will be the best fit. Can you combine some of the options together? Are there several options you think will work equally well to solve your problem? Is there one option that stands out from the rest?
6. Document the agreement(s).
You may come up with the best solutions, but if they’re all just swimming around in your head, some may get lost or mixed up in the long problem solving process — no matter how excellent you think your memory is. It’s incredibly important to write them all out in clear and specific detail.
7. Take action and follow up.
Now that you have chosen your solution to your problem, get moving and take action. Implement what you have chosen and follow up after things have been set in place.
Photo by JESHOOTS.COM on Unsplash
Techniques to help you in the problem solving process.
While this might seem like a no-brainer, this can have a positive effect on your problem solving process. By taking a moment to breathe and focus on your breath, you are calming all your nerves and allowing your brain to do what it does best — coming up with a solution in a calm and more effective manner.
2. Ask as many compelling questions as possible
This will fit under the pre-problem solving stage because you are getting yourself set up and ready to go. Before you dive in and ask as many compelling questions as possible. The more the better! Each question can help give you the right information to support you in making the best possible choice for a solution.
3. Separate ideation from evaluation
You don’t need to focus on prioritising the ideas you’re brainstorming and listing. This part is all about doing a “brain dump”: getting all the ideas you can think of written down first.
4. Judging will shut it down
Let your ideas be. No need to stop yourself mid-way and say, “Well, that’s a stupid idea.” That judgment will stop the creative flow process very quickly. Let it all flow out — good, bad, or otherwise. You can decide later which ideas are valuable and which are not.
5. Restate problems as questions
Reframe the problems as open-ended questions. This method will help the ideas flow more easily.
Types of Problem Solving Methods
1. use analogies to get to a solution.
It can help if you use information from one area to help you solve a problem in another area. This step is recommended if you have had some practice in critical thinking and problem solving techniques — it can be a little tricky if you are just starting out. An example: in the Radiation Problem , a doctor has a patient with a cancerous tumor that can’t be operated on directly. The doctor could use rays to destroy the tumor but the risk is that it also destroys healthy tissue.
In this case using an analogy would be to look at a war story for inspiration. It seems quite unrelated, but the mission is the same: An invading general has to capture the fortress of a king, but must be careful to avoid landmines that will detonate if large forces traverse the streets. The general then sends small forces of soldiers down different pathways so the army can converge at the fortress at the same time and can capture it with full force. The solution in this story can be the method used by the doctor to treat the tumor.
2. Rubber duck problem solving
This method is where you see if you can easily explain the problem you are faced with to a rubber duck (or any other inanimate object). The point is to think hard before you approach someone else with your question or problem.
3. Lateral thinking
This method is where you disregard implied rules — you get to think outside the box. This approach is creative and indirect. It may not be obvious to you at first, but through creative thinking, and not following any set rules, you may be able to come up with a great solution.
4. Trial and error
If you have a lot of time available to you to solve your problem, then trial and error could be a good method to try. It is where you keep going and try every option possible until something clicks. This method is based on repetition until you reach success.
Photo by Daria Nepriakhina on Unsplash
What are problem solving skills, convergent vs. divergent thinking.
Convergent thinking is the process of compiling and laying out seemingly different pieces of information and figuring out if there is one main solution from those options. Divergent thinking is the opposite, where you focus your energy on coming up with new ideas in order to see which may be combined to solve your problem.
Pragmatics vs. Semantics
Pragmatics refers to logic of the problem at hand, while semantics is how you interpret the problem to solve it.
Mathematical vs. Personal Problem Solving
Mathematical problem solving is based on logic and the expectation or belief that there is ultimately only one right solution or answer to your problem. This is a great option if your problem involves numbers or one clear solution. Personal problem solving focuses on interpersonal, collaborative, and emotional intuition.
Why Recruiters Look for Problem Solvers to Hire
In a study , it was reported that 62 percent of recruiters reported they would search for problem solvers as candidates to hire. They explained that being able to develop solutions on your own is invaluable, “because it drives innovation and increases efficiency.”
It could be incredibly frustrating to work with someone who constantly asks you questions that they easily could have searched for the answer on their own. That isn’t the type of person you would like to be your boss or leading the company you work for.
That’s why recruiters aim to find people that are proactive problem solvers, that will make their director’s life simpler and less stressful. Doing this will help you accelerate your career.
Another way to accelerate your career is to earn the degree that will help you get one step closer to your dreams from University of the People — a tuition-free and 100% online US-accredited university. Here at UoPeople, anyone, anywhere can achieve their dreams with us.
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Problem-Solving Techniques and Tips (That Actually Work)
Solving complex problems may be difficult but it doesn't have to be excruciating. You just need the right frame of mind and a process for untangling the problem at hand.
Luckily for you, there are plenty of techniques available to solve whatever problems come at you in the workplace.
When faced with a doozy of a problem, where do you start? And what problem-solving techniques can you use right now that can help you make good decisions?
Today's post will give you tips and techniques for solving complex problems so you can untangle any complication like an expert.
How many steps are there in problem-solving?
At its core, problem-solving is a methodical four-step process. You may even recall these steps from when you were first introduced to the Scientific Method.
- First, you must define the problem . What is its cause? What are the signs there's a problem at all?
- Next, you identify various options for solutions. What are some good ideas to solve this?
- Then, evaluate your options and choose from among them. What is the best option to solve the problem? What's the easiest option? How should you prioritize?
- Finally, implement the chosen solution . Does it solve the problem? Is there another option you need to try?
When applying problem-solving techniques, you will be using a variation of these steps as your foundation.
Takeaway: Before you can solve a problem, seek to understand it fully.
Creative problem-solving techniques
Time to get creative! You might think this will just be a list of out-of-the-box ways to brainstorm ideas. Not exactly.
Creative problem solving (CPS) is actually a formal process formulated by Sidney Parnes and Alex Faickney Osborn , who is thought of as the father of traditional brainstorming (and the "O" in famous advertising agency BBDO).
Their creative problem solving process emphasizes several things, namely:
- Separate ideation from evaluation . When you brainstorm creative ideas, have a separate time for writing it all down. Focus on generating lots of ideas. Don't prioritize or evaluate them until everything is captured.
- Judging will shut it down . Nothing stops the flow of creative ideas faster than judging them on the spot. Wait until the brainstorming is over before you evaluate.
- Restate problems as questions . It's easier to entice a group into thinking of creative ideas when challenges are stated as open-ended questions.
- Use "Yes and" to expand ideas . Here's one of the basic tenets of improv comedy. It's way too easy to shut down and negate ideas by using the word "but" (i.e. "But I think this is better..."). Avoid this at all costs. Instead, expand on what was previously introduced by saying "Yes, and..." to keep ideas flowing and evolving.
Takeaway: When brainstorming solutions, generate ideas first by using questions and building off of existing ideas. Do all evaluating and judging later.
Problem-solving tips from psychology
If you take a look at the history of problem-solving techniques in psychology, you'll come across a wide spectrum of interesting ideas that could be helpful.
Take it from experience
In 1911, the American psychologist Edward Thorndike observed cats figuring out how to escape from the cage he placed them in. From this, Thorndike developed his law of effect , which states: If you succeed via trial-and-error, you're more likely to use those same actions and ideas that led to your previous success when you face the problem again.
Takeaway: Your past experience can inform and shed light on the problem you face now. Recall. Explore.
Barriers to reproductive thinking
The Gestalt psychologists built on Thorndike's ideas when they proposed that problem-solving can happen via reproductive thinking — which is not about sex, but rather solving a problem by using past experience and reproducing that experience to solve the current problem.
What's interesting about Gestalt psychology is how they view barriers to problem-solving. Here are two such barriers:
- Are you entrenched? Look up mental set or entrenchment . This is when you're fixated on a solution that used to work well in the past but has no bearing to your current problem. Are you so entrenched with a method or idea that you use it even when it doesn't work? As Queen Elsa sang, "Let it go!"
- Are you thinking of alternative uses? There is a cognitive bias called functional fixedness which could thwart any of your critical thinking techniques by having you only see an object's conventional function. For example, say you need to cut a piece of paper in half but only have a ruler. Functional fixedness would lead you to think the ruler is only good for measuring things. (You could also use the ruler to crease the paper, making it easier to tear it in half.)
Takeaway: Think outside of the box! And by box, we mean outside of the past experience you're holding on to, or outside any preconceived ideas on how a tool is conventionally used.
More problem-solving tools
Hurson's productive thinking model.
In his book "Think Better," author and creativity guru Tim Hurson proposed a six-step model for solving problems creatively. The steps in his Productive Thinking Model are:
- Ask, "What is going on?" Define the problem and its impact on your company, then clarify your vision for the future.
- Ask, "What is success?" Define what the solution must do, what resources it needs, its scope , and the values it must uphold.
- Ask, "What is the question?" Generate a long list of questions that, when answered, will solve the problem.
- Generate answers . Answer the questions from step three.
- Forge the solution . Evaluate the ideas with potential based on the criteria from step two. Pick a solution.
- Align resources . Identify people and resources to execute the solution.
Use a fishbone diagram to see cause and effect
The most important part of defining the problem is looking at the possible root cause. You'll need to ask yourself questions like: Where and when is it happening? How is it occurring? With whom is it happening? Why is it happening?
You can get to the root cause with a fishbone diagram (also known as an Ishikawa diagram or a cause and effect diagram).
Basically, you put the effect on the right side as the problem statement. Then you list all possible causes on the left, grouped into larger cause categories. The resulting shape resembles a fish skeleton. Which is a perfect way to say, "This problem smells fishy."
Use analogies to get to a solution
Analogical thinking uses information from one area to help with a problem in a different area. In short, solving a different problem can lead you to find a solution to the actual problem. Watch out though! Analogies are difficult for beginners and take some getting used to.
An example: In the "radiation problem," a doctor has a patient with a tumor that cannot be operated on. The doctor can use rays to destroy the tumor but it also destroys healthy tissue.
Two researchers, Gick and Holyoak , noted that people solved the radiation problem much more easily after being asked to read a story about an invading general who must capture the fortress of a king but be careful to avoid landmines that will detonate if large forces traverse the streets. The general then sends small forces of men down different streets so the army can converge at the fortress at the same time and can capture it at full force.
Ask "12 what elses"
In her book " The Architecture of All Abundance ," author Lenedra J. Carroll (aka the mother of pop star Jewel) talks about a question-and-answer technique for getting out of a problem.
When faced with a problem, ask yourself a question about it and brainstorm 12 answers ("12 what elses") to that problem. Then you can go further by taking one answer, turning it into a question and generating 12 more "what elses." Repeat until the solution is golden brown, fully baked, and ready to take out of the oven.
Start using these techniques today
Hopefully you find these different techniques useful and they get your imagination rolling with ideas on how to solve different problems.
And if that's the case, then you have four different takeaways to use the next time a problem gets you tangled up:
- Don't start by trying to solve the problem. First, aim to understand the root of the problem.
- Use questions to generate ideas for solving the problem.
- Look to previous problems to find the answers to new ones.
- Clear your preconceived ideas and past experiences before attempting to tackle the problem.
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What are your favorite problem-solving techniques?
Do you have a problem-solving technique that has worked wonders for your organization? Hit the comments below and share your wisdom!
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Use of technological resources for the development of computational thinking following the steps of solving problems in engineering students recently entering college.
Share and Cite
Paucar-Curasma, R.; Villalba-Condori, K.O.; Mamani-Calcina, J.; Rondon, D.; Berrios-Espezúa, M.G.; Acra-Despradel, C. Use of Technological Resources for the Development of Computational Thinking Following the Steps of Solving Problems in Engineering Students Recently Entering College. Educ. Sci. 2023 , 13 , 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030279
Paucar-Curasma R, Villalba-Condori KO, Mamani-Calcina J, Rondon D, Berrios-Espezúa MG, Acra-Despradel C. Use of Technological Resources for the Development of Computational Thinking Following the Steps of Solving Problems in Engineering Students Recently Entering College. Education Sciences . 2023; 13(3):279. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030279
Paucar-Curasma, Ronald, Klinge Orlando Villalba-Condori, Jorge Mamani-Calcina, David Rondon, Mario Gustavo Berrios-Espezúa, and Claudia Acra-Despradel. 2023. "Use of Technological Resources for the Development of Computational Thinking Following the Steps of Solving Problems in Engineering Students Recently Entering College" Education Sciences 13, no. 3: 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030279
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Finding a suitable solution for issues can be accomplished by following the basic four-step problem-solving process and methodology outlined below. 1. Define the problem Diagnose the situation so that your focus is on the problem, not just its symptoms.
Instead, you should look at problem solving more as a process with several steps involved that will help you reach the best outcome. Those steps are: Define the problem List all the possible solutions Evaluate the options Select the best solution Create an implementation plan Communicate your solution
The four basic steps to problem solving are: 1. Define the Problem It's common to conflate symptoms of a problem with the problem itself. When understanding what the root of the problem is, be sure to ask the right questions. If you're problem solving in a workplace, get team feedback.
4 Techniques to Encourage Problem Solving Each individual or team is going to have different needs and may need a different technique to encourage each of the problem solving steps. Try one of these to stimulate the process. 1-2-4 All Approach + Voting The 1-2-4-All is a good problem solving approach that can work no matter how large the group is.
Step 4: Identify Root Cause of the Problem Identify possible causes of the problem. Prioritize possible root causes of the problem. What information or data is there to validate the root cause? Step 5: Develop Action Plan Generate a list of actions required to address the root cause and prevent problem from getting to others.
There are five key steps in solving a problem Defining the problem You need to define the problem clearly BEFORE you jump into solution mode. One of the biggest obstacles to problem-solving is not getting clear on what exactly problem is. What are the boundaries of that problem? How did it arise? Which brings us to our next point
Here are the basic steps involved in problem-solving: 1. Define the problem The first step is to analyze the situation carefully to learn more about the problem. A single situation may solve multiple problems. Identify each problem and determine its cause. Try to anticipate the behavior and response of those affected by the problem.
Step 1: Identify the Problem What are things like when they are the way we want them to be? This question helps you find the standard against which we're going to measure where we are now. If things were going the way we want them to go, what does that look like? If this person were doing the job we want him or her to do, what would they be doing?
Gather information and use it to identify the deeper issues of the problem and validate what you think the real concern may be. Take time at this step to really focus on the deep problem — executing this step effectively will save you a lot of time down the road. 5. Develop Actionable Steps
Problem Solving Steps Example Here's an example for you: 1. STOP: What's the problem? * Who: Bully at school * What: Called me a "punk" * When: 12:30 * Where: At recess, in front of everyone * Why: He likes to show off or maybe it's his way of getting attention 2. THINK: What can I do? Brainstorm solutions. Remember to
Well-developed problem solving skills is a characteristic of a successful student. Remember, problems are a part of everyday life and your ability to resolve problems will have a positive influence on your future. 6 Steps of Problem Solving. Step 1: Identify and Define the Problem
STEP 1: The Right Problem to Solve STEP 2: Analyse the Problem STEP 3: Define the Problem STEP 4: Develop Opportunities (Possible Solutions) STEP 5: Select the Best Solution STEP 6: Implement the Solution STEP 7: Evaluate and Learn STEP 1: Identify the problem The first step is to define the problem that you have.
Utilizing common problem-solving techniques helps you find the best solution to fit the needs of the specific situation, much like using the right tools. 4 steps to better problem solving. While it might be tempting to dive into a problem head first, take the time to move step by step. Here's how you can effectively break down the problem ...
If you want to read more management tips for problem solving our Seven Step Problem Solving Process is a good place to start. Click on this link to download our free, problem solving management tool: Problem Solving Technique: 4 Steps to Improve Your Processes. Or, for our bumper pack of problem solving techniques, tips, tools and more, follow ...
Problem Solving Techniques: A 5-Step Approach. Some problems are small and can be resolved quickly. Other problems are large and may require significant time and effort to solve. These larger problems are often tackled by turning them into formal projects.
Four problem-solving techniques 1. Linear thinking problem-solving. Linear thinking is a problem-solving process defined by a set starting point followed by a sequence of ideas that lead to a definite solution. It is a logical step-by-step process, and often referred to as sequential thinking - think of it as the 'conventional' method of ...
4 problem solving steps - 4 problem solving steps is a software program that helps students solve math problems. ... 4 Problem Solving Techniques: How to Solve Problems at Work This problem-solving plan consists of four steps: details, main idea, strategy, and how. As students work through each step, they may use graphic
As obvious as it seems, identifying the problem is the first step in the problem-solving process. Pinpointing a problem at the beginning of the process will guide your research, collaboration, and solutions in the right direction. At this stage, your task is to identify the scope and substance of the problem. Ask yourself a series of questions:
An effective problem-solving process is one of the key attributes that separate great leaders from average ones. Step 1: Identify the Problem. 1. Work on the homework that is interesting to you. You can get more done on your homework if you focus on the parts that interest you the most. 2. Figure out mathematic.
Problem Solving Techniques: 6 Steps, Method & Tips All Articles Invoicing Payroll Proposals Time Tracking Bookkeeping Finance Projects Management Insurance Marketing Payments Reports Leadership Other Expenses Productivity Estimates Startup Taxes Accounting Resources for Your Growing Business 4 Min. Read
What are problem-solving skills? 1- Listening skills: In general, active listeners are excellent problem solvers. ... Problem-Solving Step in the Process: Define the problem: you'll have to identify the issue, understand how it came to existence, and see if there's enough data to start working with. Clarify the problem;
Problem Solving Skills: 3 Examples (Great For A Resume) Do: Choose examples that are relevant to the job you are applying for. Be specific with your responses and use an example with enough detail ... 8-Step Problem Solving Process Step 1: Define the Problem Step 2: Clarify the Problem Step 3: Define the Goals Step 4: Identify Root Cause of the ...
The Six Step Problem Solving Model. 6. Use analogies to solve complex problems. Sometimes, solving a different problem can help you uncover solutions to another problem! ... It eliminates the confusion caused when people use different problem solving techniques on the same issue. It makes the decision making process easier. Do math Doing ...
Specific problem solving techniques can help you do just that! Simple Steps to Solving Problems 1. Get clear on what the problem is. Identify the problem simply and clearly, this will have an effect on the rest of your problem solving process. Keep in mind that everyone may see a problem from their own perspective and may define it differently. 2.
The first step in risk management is to identify the sources and types of risks that could affect your problem-solving process. You can use various tools and techniques, such as brainstorming ...
How many steps are there in problem-solving? At its core, problem-solving is a methodical four-step process. You may even recall these steps from when you were first introduced to the Scientific Method. First, you must define the problem. What is its cause? What are the signs there's a problem at all?
In this work, the authors propose the use of technological resources to develop computational thinking following the steps or phases of problem-solving for first-year students. During the development of the activities using technological resources (Arduino board, sensors, electronic devices, and mBlock) the students carried out activities, such as algorithm development and programming of the ...